We have become so familiar with the idea that during the 2016 elections, thousands of troll-with very poor Russian grammar pretend Republican voters in Tennessee, Michigan blacks activists, and supporters Trump in Palm Beach is that we, as the thought of misinformation Problem stranger. I have news for you: Most of the misinformation is nationwide, most of which is produced here in the US. Focusing on the army Troll Vladimir Putin is something of a distraction from the endless apparent basis of conspiracy theories, homegrown fake local news sites, old boards to the right of the message, clickbait and daily Twitter megaphone of the rumor Donald Trump, disinformation and lies. Yes, misinformation comes from both the research show left and right, but that a lot of conservatives far more likely to share misinformation as a partisan liberal. A 2018 study by researchers at the University of Oxford Twitter users divided into 10 different groups, among Democrats, progressives, traditional Republicans, and Trump supporters. Proponents Trump, they found they shared many spam all other groups combined. When Steve Bannon eloquently expresses, “Flood the area of shit”, and Trump trailers, groups Vecchio right, 4chan, Gab and sites such as Infowars and Breitbart do just that, a flood of junk messages put out overwhelm the traditional things. Then, in the ecosystem misinformation will be collected on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and your Uncle Milton, stating that George Soros secretly hatched COVID-19 One Knight Foundation study found that 65% of junk messages and twitter conspiracy of the largest 10 disinformation sites containing Infowars track. The darkest Trump also attack on traditional media side is that he will be the 80% of Republicans and the media are not qualified are trusted carriers of uncontrolled information and without sources. Foreign misinformation is a distraction, of New York University scientist Paul Barrett writes in his recent study, National misinformation I face. It calls for the company to record platform demonstrably false information where it came from I think and write disinformation are now little ‘, but the other day on Twitter, someone stepped on me the question: “Do you think the misinformation ratio to true information is different now than at other times in the history of mankind? “our instinctive reaction is, hell, yes, it is, of course, we are overwhelmed with misinformation. But the answer is not so simple. Before misinformation has been so long as we had information. Secondly, it is terribly difficult to measure the delivery, the scale and scope of misinformation. It is not always easy to recognize. Also no one that I know really quantified. First, let’s answer the easy question denominator: increased provision of information? It has. In 2010, Eric Schmidt, former CEO of Google, said that we create as much information every every other day about five Exabyte as the information coming from the dawn of civilization to 2003 Various scientists have created this appeal, but even if it is, the scale it is staggering every month instead of every two days. Just one example: more than 500 hours of video are uploaded to YouTube every minute. So even if the misinformation ratio of real information has remained constant (which is the counter), there is much more heckuva misinformation in absolute terms than in the past. The disinformation scale is crazy. On Facebook it announced that in 2019, even more had removed three billion fake accounts, that is billion with a b. One study found that 15% of Twitter’s 330 million users per month bots. Search engines have chirps a huge multiplier effect on misinformation, because they are much more fertile of people hundreds of times a day. Some studies estimate that over 60% of the Trump 80+ million followers are bots. But the reason, it seems, there is a disinformation tsunami is not because of what it is, but as available. What is new is the ease of access that make it seem more likely. ‘Also had to work hard to discover the conspiracy bottom and check out obscure books from the library, see old newspaper clippings on microfilm. Today, conspiracy theories and misinformation are an instant search via Google or is it misinformation from third microTargeting or recommendation engines or your cousin on Facebook. And of course, if you misinformation and conspiracy on Google search or read on Facebook, you can be sure you’ll get a lot more of them from the same platforms. Disinformation is also opportunistic. Topics in the news are a lightning rod for disinformation. Illness and disease are laboratories for conspiracy theories. The World Health Organization has stated that there is a “infodemic” on COVID-19, which is an epidemic of misinformation. And if the US president is a disinformation street vendor, increases exponentially. Now new players are always on the act. China now takes the disinformation game in a big way, the aggressive blame for the epidemic in the United States to resolve investigated and it was shown missteps Americans to regularly deal with the virus. This was complemented by national actors promoting quack cures, counterfeit drugs and related COVID investments. A traditional vector another disinformation division and protest. The demonstrations George Floyd caused another epidemic of misinformation. white extremist groups provide misinformation to the protests, and what they call “professional demonstrators” and call for “terrorists Antifa”. This misinformation is supported once again by the US president and favored, which is the largest sponsor of the idea is “terrorists Antifa”. A nefarious QAnon Another actor tweeted that protests are the work of George Soros. In many ways, this wave of disinformation about the protests is a continuation of what the Russians did in 2016, being prepared under the Senate Intelligence Committee, the internet research agency a number of fake sites that were on the Matterhorn access black life before “blacks Matters”, “Blactivist” and “black Guns question.” and “it was to increase the division and reduce African-American turnout your goal. In recent years, according to McKay Coppins in activists right the Atlantic seeking to hijack the credibility of local news agencies. You have created dozens of websites with names credible sounding like the Kalamazoo Times and the Arizona monitor, think about the people that are real organs of local information. But they do not have editors or journalists or even an address and are members of the Republican lobby and conservative extremists. This was a technique used by the Russians in 2016, which is a made-in-the-USA phenomenon now. the Super Bowl of misinformation will undoubtedly disastrous 2020 election All actor, getting the Russians, white extremists, China and ‘ Iran on the game What’s new in this time the possible use of forged deep. the use or the current rent American identity; Bot coordinated attacks; not authentic local news sites; anonymous mass SMS; the professionalization of disinformation, with the companies that sell such services. The campaign Trump likely to use many of these techniques, including the militarization of micro-targeting, as in 2016 from Cambridge Analytica His work was part of a trial run during the impeachment, where the Trump campaign has more than 10,000 different ads on impeachment on Facebook and on the Internet. The tactics of the entire ideological spectrum can be used: suspended 70 Twitter Motor similar accounts of Michael Bloomberg created short-term campaign. Disinformation created by American white fringes of hate nationalist groups, anti-government movements, growth of ultra-left. These groups have a big advantage over foreign group, have built-in audience inside of their fellow travelers as well as a better understanding of conversational English and American pop culture. Disinformationists presidential candidates argue, are at work. We tend to underestimate the supply of domestic disinformation because it is always part of our information was ecosystem. It is hidden in plain sight. So, yes, the supply of disinformation to grow, but this is partly because the demand is growing. The tendency to see conspiracy theories, it’s in our genes. The ontological problem of misinformation that you can see in the way of us gets reality, what it is. Of course, no man sees the reality exactly as it is, we all have biases and prejudices. But misinformation exaggerating the prejudices and preconceptions and accentuates our gap. The truth is misinformation does not create divisions among people, expands them. One reason, it is easy to reinforce the division is that we have so much of it. This is the ultimate goal of disinformationists, not so much that we believe, but we ask these things in question are proven true. Adapted from a new preface to the paperback Richard Stengel information wars: how we lost the global fight against misinformation and what we can do about it Picture copyright by Atilgan Özdil-Anadolu Agency / Getty Images
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