Many months in COVID-19 crown pandemic is uncontrolled even by health authorities, including the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), US public dissemination and the World Health Organization (WHO) say, six feet remain apart, wash our, frequent disinfecting touch surfaces of hands and wear masks. But compliance with these measures, in particular mixed mask, and every day we hear of cases where people do not know how they were infected. We feel we superspreading events in which an infected person many, does not happen in crowded bars and family gatherings, but during outdoor events. Beaches in cities like Chicago are closed, but reopened indoor gyms and food in restaurants. It is no wonder that the public confused. And ‘important to have a clear physical description of the ways it is transmitted in COVID-19, so that individuals and institutions will be able to see and understand how they can protect themselves. Contrary to public health messaging, which, along with many other scientists, believes that a significant portion of the 19-COVID cases is the result of transmission via aerosol. The test aerosol is stronger than that of a different way and officials have aggressively express this reality be if we want to get in pandemic control. There are three ways is transferred to the virus, two of which have been highlighted by the WHO and CDC. The first is (could include someone other than skin) from “fomites” objects that are contaminated with the virus. At the beginning of the pandemic concern about fomes transfer some people went to bleach food and packages. The CDC now says fomites a possible means of transmission, but probably not one that is important. For example, one of the intensive hands wash program brought in the United Kingdom a 16% reduction in only the transmission. Significantly, other viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 (causes COVID-19), a lipid envelope do not survive long in the human hands. That is, someone would need to get their eyes, nose or mouth touching a short period of time after touching a contaminated surface, of contracting the new coronavirus. The second way COVID-19 spread is to drive through droplets, small pieces of saliva or respiratory fluid that infected people when they cough, sneeze or talk. Droplets that maintain the WHO and CDC, the main mode are driven to transmit COVID-19 are through the air, but it falls after traveling 3-6 foot on the ground. However, published research that has been replicated, shows that the droplets are important only when coughing and sneezing. But when it comes to speaking in the immediate vicinity, which seems to play an important role in COVID-19 transmission, the droplets are less important than the potential third way: aerosol. Many diseases, including COVID-19, infected more effective close. Since visible down on the floor between 3-6 meters and falls, we can easily see this path of infection and understand. In fact, it’s been thought for decades that tuberculosis is transmitted by droplets and fomites finally demonstrated on a simple infection in the area, but research that tuberculosis it can be transmitted by aerosols. I believe that we are able to make such a mistake has occurred for COVID-19 “Aerosol” (sometimes referred to as “air”) transmission is similar to the transfer of droplets, except that the bits of the fluid are so small that they remain in the air for minutes or hours. To understand the scale of aerosols wherein the diameter of a human hair is about 80 micrometers; m, and aerosols less than about 50 microns; m floating in the air long enough to be inhaled. SARS-CoV-2 are only 0.1 microns in diameter, so there is room for many viruses in aerosols. Fomites and drops have dominated our understanding of everyday COVID-19 transmission. While the WHO and CDC has discovered that aerosols could result in very specific situations transmission, keep both organizations is that they are less important. I think this is a serious mistake, and on July 6, I, along with 239 scientists appealed to WHO to reassess their attitude. WHO updates its position as the answer, but continue to increase the agency skepticism language expressed the importance of this route. The lack of will probably recognize that aerosols are an important means of COVID-19 gearbox, can the legacy of Dr. Charles Chapin, a US public health researchers are traced. to bury the sources and methods of infection once and for all, the miasma theory, ghostly clouds of disease Trying, argued in his seminal book in 1910 that aerosol transmission was almost impossible. “It will be released a great relief for the most people to the infected air ghost, a ghost that followed the race from the time of Hippocrates wrote” Chapin. The influence of his book just happened to be in one way: it came at a time when sufficient evidence has accumulated for the transmission of various infectious diseases after the discovery of germs by Pasteur in 1860, but first we had to measure the aerosol technology . The ideas of Chapin has become the paradigm of the transmission of infectious diseases that have dominated so far. In light of these entrenched disbelief aerosol transmission, small diseases, including measles and chickenpox, was assumed to be transmitted by aerosols and how just because it is so transferable that the evidence could not be ignored by the medical community. Some less contagious respiratory diseases like influenza, have been described as the basic drops and fomes transfer, although clearly had a component of aerosol. This attitude has over the years created a perception unfounded in health care that every disease that is transmitted by aerosols is extremely contagious. But 110 years later, I am always the nuances and importance of aerosol transmission of respiratory diseases at the end mainstream. When it comes to COVID-19, the overwhelming evidence of aerosol transmission medium, and there are strong arguments against it. For example, the determination is very COVID-19 Transmission contact is nearby, but that many people sharing the same house with an infected person does not get the disease. To understand why it makes sense to use cigarettes or smoke vaping (who is also an aerosol) as analog. Imagine, sharing a home with a smoker, if you are close to the smoker as you speak, do you smoke inhale many. Replace smoking with virus-containing aerosols, which behave in a similar way, and the effect is similar: the approaching transmitted the virus from someone releasing aerosols, the more likely you are breathing in large amounts of virus. We know from the detailed, rigorous studies have shown that when people are talking nearby, transfer aerosols dominate and fall is almost negligible. Continue reading: as homemade masks make it more effective and how to wear it right, if you stand across the room, you would inhale much less smoke. But in a poorly ventilated room, the smoke builds up, and the people in the room may inhale a lot of smoke in time to finish. Speeches, and especially the singing and screaming increased by factors of 10 and 50. In fact, they are singing that outbreaks often occur when people come together in overcrowded, poorly ventilated indoor spaces such as the karaoke parties aerosol exhalation joy in a room to train with conversations in bars and gyms. Superspreading events in which an infected person many, occur almost exclusively indoors, and the pandemic is driving. These observations are easily explained by aerosols and are very difficult or impossible to explain with droplets or fomites. Moreover droplets move ballistically-they like a cannonball from someone in the mouth and then fly through the air until it is not something happened (worst case someone else’s eyes, mouth or nose) or fall to the ground. Aerosol other, act like smoke: is ejected, they fall to the ground, but dispersed in the air, getting diluted by air currents and are inhaled by others in the same room. Identification of contacts shows that when it comes to COVID-19 is, both outdoors and 20 times safer than its interior, which argues that aerosol transmission is much more important than droplets; outside, there are a lot of air in which aerosol can put diluted; outside not inside. In addition, researchers have developed aerosol transmission of the virus in ferrets and hamsters demonstrate. The visual analogy of smoking can our risk assessment and risk mitigation strategies to help lead. Just think of the other, confronting the smoke, and the goal is to breathe as little as possible the smoke. But COVID-19 is not very contagious among most situations, unlike, for example, measles: The CDC says 15 minutes walk from an infected person COVID-19 often leads to contagion that an estimate of what “supplies exhaled smoke “you may have to inhale the infection. Inhale a little touch of “smoke” here and there is fine, but a lot of “smoke” for a longer period and no mask is risky. (To be clear, it is actually the smoke does not increase the chance of infection.) We must continue to do what has already been suggested: Wash hands, holds six feet apart, and so on. But this is not enough. A new, coherent and logical series of recommendations must be made to reduce the transmission of aerosols. I suggest the following: avoid exclusion, Indoors, poor ventilation, Close proximity, long life, Unmasked, Speaking / Singing / Yelling ( “civic duty”). These are the most important factors in mathematical models of aerosol transmission, and can be simply understood as factors that influence the amount of “smoke” would be that we breathe. civic duty implies, first, we should do as a possible number of outside activities, such as schools to prevent the spread of tuberculosis a century ago, despite harsh winters. considering how many beings out COVID-19 the risk of transmission is reduced, it is shocking that the United States National Guard occupied facility opened the curtains of the canopy in every school in the country. That said, in the open air is not a magic protection against infection occurs: a windy day in an open space, while keeping our distance is very safe, but no mask muffled conversation with the still air in a close passage between tall buildings is risky. Second, the masks are essential, even if we are able to maintain social distance. We should also pay attention to the snug fit masks, as they not only prevent a parapet against ballistic drops, but also a means to escape through the gaps “smoke.” we should not talk remove masks or allow someone not to mention wearing a mask because we aerosols 10x exhale so much when it comes compared breath. Everyone should be careful not associated with an ill-fitting mask behind someone, such as curvature of the ill-fitting mask aerosol journey behind the person who can cause door. It ‘important to think about ventilation and air purification. Rarely we take the HVAC systems and opening windows for granted, paying attention to how they work. Times are different now, and we need to learn how to reduce risk best use of these systems. We need to increase the amount of air inside, which is replaced by fresh air, opening the window or creating mechanical systems. We need a better filter in many ventilation systems installed circulating of the air. These procedures can be expensive, so it is very important to think carefully and objectively give priority we can use to identify, for example, measurements of CO2 costs, the most dangerous, unventilated occupied frequent public places, and their priorities. Read on: A new study suggests COVID-19 reinfection is possible. Here’s what HEPA portable air purifier well-known virus workload to remove aerosols, but unfortunately they are expensive. Makeshift cleaners fan-filter can be made to work for less than $50, it has been proven in numerous tests, including peer-reviewed articles, and reduce for years in China, used to the effects of pollution in homes. You can be strong and not a long term solution, but they can contact us through the next few months to help get. ultraviolet germicidal systems can help in some situations, but only if the ventilation and filtering can not do the job. We should also not forget that cleaning the air is not a panacea, if Choir burst simulate the Skagit with a large amount of additional air purification, only the infection rate decreases by half. Spend as much time as possible outdoors, wearing masks, and reducing the density of matter remains critical of how well we ventilate the air and clean. In a pandemic virus rapidly moving scientific understanding will inevitably change the research catches up to the speed with which the virus is spreading. However, it seems clear that aerosols is important when it comes to COVID-19 transfer than we thought six months ago, and certainly are more important than public health officials make being around them at the time. must begin the WHO and CDC, among others, to communicate science suggests aerosol spread of COVID-19 and risk mitigation strategies required accordingly. Otherwise, hinder our growing capabilities consequences for health and the growing number of COVID-19 deaths oppose Picture by Ethan Miller Getty Images copyright
COVID-19 are transmitted by aerosol. We have enough evidence now is the time to act
